Transmission



1944- J. JANDASEK Q 2,361,105

TRANSMISSION Filed Sept. 21, 1942 ubszpx Jim/054s! ATTORNEY INVENTOR Patented Oct. 24, 1944 I UNITED STATES PATENT OFF! TRANSMISSION Joseph Jandasek, Detroit, Micln, assignor to Bendix Aviation Corporation, South Bend, lnd., a corporation of Delaware Application September 21, 1942, Serial No. 459,116

11 Claims. (Cl. 74-189.5)

. members operably interconnected by planetary gearing having driving connection with a fluid coupling to regenerate a portion of the applied power to be redirected to the driving shaft during low speed operations.

Yet a further object resides in the provision of a transmission having multistage selectively oper able mechanical gear means interposed between driving and driven members whereby spaced methe scope of the-invention, reference being had for that purpose to the subjoined claims.

In the drawing wherein similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views:

Fig. 1 is a. longitudinal sectional view of a transmission embodying the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a 'modified form of transmission.

Before explaining in detail the present invention it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details ofconstruction and arrangement of parts illustrated in the accompanying drawing, since the invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or carried out in various ways. Also it is to be understood that the phraseology or chanical gear means are operable to transmit power under certain conditions of operation.

A further object of this invention resides in the provision of a transmission having regenerative power-transmitting means susceptible of being rendered inoperative to- Provide for transmission of power through parallel paths.

. Another object is to provide a regenerative I power-transmitting mechanism susceptible. of being transformed into a two-path power-flow device.

Another object is to provide -a transmission having combined mechanical and fluid coupling means wherein the coupling may be rendered inoperative to provide'for the transmission of power solely through the mechanical gearing at different speeds.

Yet a further object of this invention resides in the provision of a mechanical gear transmission having associated therewith a multistage regenerative fluid transmission for redirecting varying proportions of applied power back to the driving shaft.

A further object is to provide a mechanical gear transmission having a muitispeed fluid power transmitting mechanism interposed between driving and driven shafts to regenerate varying proportions of power to the driving shaft dependent on variations of load and speed to which the driving. and? driven shafts are subjected.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will be apparent from the following detailed description. considered in connection with the accompanying drawing, submitted for purposes of illustration only, and not intended to" define terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation.

Referring now to the embodiment of the inven tion illustrated in Fig. 1, a driving shaft H! has a flange l2 supporting spaced gear carriers l4 and gears l6 rotatably mounted on the carrier I 4 have pinions l8 and 20.

The pinions 20 mesh with a ring gear 22 carried by a housing 24 fixed to a driven shaft 26 preferably aligned with the driving shaft Ill. The pinions 20 mesh with a sun gear 28 on a sleeve 30 rotatable on the driving shaft 10 and terminating in a radially-extended flange 32 having an axially-extended drum 34 adapted to be engaged by a brake band 36 actuated by a brake applying means 38.

The pinions l8 mesh with a sun gear 40 carried by a sleeve 42 rotatable on the sleeve 30 and tarminating in a flange 44 having a drum 46 adapted to be engaged by a brake band 48 actuated by a brake applying means 50.

The sleeve 42 has thereon a hub 52 having an impeller web 54 secured thereto. The impeller web 54 has thereon suitable vanes 56 supporting a shroud 58. A turbine web 60 and shroud 62 support suitable vanes 64, and the impeller and-turbine cooperate with one another to provide a power transmitting fluid circuit.

The turbine web 60 is provided with a hub 66 concentrically disposed with relation to a sleeve 68 carriedby a flange l0 fixed to the carrier -l4. One-way driving means 12 is interposed between the turbine hub 66 and the sleeve 68 to transmit:

power from the turbine-to the carrier I4 and its associated pinions when the speed of -rotation of the turbine member overruns tion of the carrier l4.

Thesleeve 42 is provided witha sungzear the speed ubai. A

meshing with pinion 18 mounted on carriers I8 fixed to the housing 24. The pinions I6 mesh with a ring gear 88 on a flange 82 supporting a drum 84 adapted to be en aged by a brake band 86 actuated by a brake applying means 88. The flange 8!! is provided with a hub 88 serving as a bearing for support of the flange 82.

The operation of this device is as follows:

With the drums'84, 46, and 84 released to permit free rotation of their associated sun and ring gears, power applied by the driving shaft I8 rotates the carrier I4. A portion of the applied power is transmitted through the pinions 28 and ring gear 22 to exert a force tending to rotate thehousing 24 and driven shaft 26. The remainder of the power is applied through the pinions I8 to rotate the sun gear 48. Rotation of the sun gear 48 results in transmission of power through the sleeve 42 to rotate the impeller web 54.

Rotation of the impeller results in fluid being energized and circulated to the turbine 64 to transmit power to the turbine web 68. Energy absorbed in the-turbine is transmitted through the turbine hub 66 and one-way driving means I2 to the flange I8 thence to the carrier I4 supporting the pinions I8 and 28.

When the driven shaft 26 is subjected to a load greater than can be moved by the power exerted on the driving shaft I8 a relatively high proportion of the applied power is regenerated through the fluid coupling to be reexerted on the driving member. As the speed of rotation of the driven shaft 26 increases relative to the speed of rotation of the driving shaft I8, 3, pro-,

gressively decreasing portion of power is regenerated and a progressively increasing portion of power is transmitted to the driven shaft 26 through the planet pinions 28 and the ring gear When the power applied by the driving shaft is suificient to overcome the load to which the driven shaft is subjected and regeneration of power is unnecessary, the brake applying means 88 may be actuated to cause the brake band 86 to engage the drum 84 to lock the ring gear 88 against rotation. The pinions I6 then rotate within the ring gear 88 and power is transmitted to them through the pinions I8, sun gear 48, and sleeve 42. The pinions I6 being connected to the housing 24 through the carriers I8 transmit power to the driven shaft 26.

It will be noted that the gear ratio of the pinions 28 meshing with the r g gear 22 is substantially the same as the gear ratio of the pinion I6 driven by the sun gear I4 with the ring gear 88 locked against rotation. During this phase of the operation the impeller of the fluid coupling is rotated at a speed considerably higher than the speed of rotation of the carrier I4 fixed to the driving shaft I8, and the transmission of power from the turbine back to the carrier I4 is substantially nonoperative because the turbine overruns the speed of rotation of the driving shaft I8.

When it is desired to transmit power at an overdrive speed the brake applying means 58 may be actuated to move the brakeband 48 into engagement with the drum 46 to lock the sleeve 42 and sun gear 48 against rotation. The fluid coupling is thus rendered inoperative by reason of the fact. that the impeller is flxed to. the sleeve 42 and poweristhereby transmitted through the pinions 28 to the ring gear 22 carried by the housing 24.:fixed to the driven shaft 26. .The

one-way driving means I2 permit free rotation of the sleeve 68 and the carrier I4. It will bev noted that the pinions I8 of the gears I8 roll around the sun gear 48 now stationary.

If a still higher over-drive speed is desired, the brake applying means 88 may be actuated to cause the brake band 86 to engage the drum 84 .to lock the sleeve 88 and sun gear 28 against rotation. Thepinions 28 thenroll around the sun gear 28 and transmit power through the ring gear 22 to the housing 24 and the driven shaft 26 at an over-drive speed.

Referring now to Fig. 2 a driving shaft I88 is provided with a radially extended flange I82 having an axially extended housing I84. The flange I82 is provldedwith spaced carriers I88 having spaced pinions I88 and H8 rotatabiy mounted thereon. I

The pinions I88 mesh with a sun gear I I2 fixed to a driven shaft II4, preferably coaxially aligned with 'the driving shaft I88. The pinions I88 mesh with a ring gear I I6 carried by a flange III supporting an impeller web I28, and the impeller web I28 is connected to an impeller shroud I22 by suitable vanes I24.

A turbine comprising a web I26 and a shroud I28 separated by suitable vanes I88 cooperates with the impeller to provide a power-transmitting fluid circuit. The turbine web I26 is operably connected to the housing I84 by means of a ring gear I32 meshing "with pinions I84 on carrier I36 fixed to the housing I84.

Speed-varying means are interposed between the turbine web .I26 and the housing I84. One desirable form of speed-varying means comprises a sun gear I38 meshing with the pinions I34 and having a radially-extending flange I48 terminating in a drum I42 adapted to be engaged and locked by a braking mechanism I44.

A pinion I46 preferably of smaller diameter than the pinion I84 meshes with a sun gear I48 carried by a flange I68 terminating in a drum I62 controlled by a braking mechanism v I64. A hearing I55 is interposed between the ring gear I82 and an abutment I61 carried by the housing I84 to insure proper concentric rotation of the turbine.

Speed-varying means may be interposed between the driving and driven shafts I88 and H4 respectively. One desirable form of such speedvarying means comprises a flange I56 having a drum I58 controlled by a brake mechanism I88. The flange I66 is fixed to a sleeve I62 secured to the impeller web I28 whereby the cylinder III and ring gearv II6 may be locked against rotation to cause pinions I88 to roll within the ring gear H6 and transmit power to the sun gear H2 at an overdrive speed.

A speed-varying means comprises pinions III preferably of smaller diameter than the pinions I88. The pinions II8 mesh with the ring gear I68 carried by the flange I68 fixed to a sleeve I18 preferably interposed between the sleeve I62 and the driven shaft H4. The sleeve I18 terminates in a radially-extended flange I'l2 terminatin in a drum I14 controlled by a braking mechanism The operation of this embodiment of the invention is as follows: Power applied to the driving shaft I88 is transmitted through the carriers I86 to the pinions I88 meshing with the sun gear I12 to transmit power to the driven shaft H4. The pinions I88 meshing with the ring gear II8 transmit a Portion of the applied power through the cylinder II8 to rotate the impeller web I28.

" applied to the driving members.

Rotation of the impeller energizes the fluid, and power is absorbed from the energized fluid in the turbine, Energy is transmitted from the turbine through the ring gear I32, pinions I34, and carriers I36 to the housing I04 to be delivered to the carrier I08.

If the driven shaft H4 is subjected to a load greater than can be transmitted by the power ap plied to the driving shaft I00, 9. major portion of the applied power will be regenerated through fluid power transmitting mechanism to be re- As the speed of rotation of the driven shaft increases, a progressively decreasing proportion of the power is regenerated, and a progressively increasing proportion of power is transmitted through the pinions I08 and sun gear H2 to the driven shaft H0.

If multiplication of the regenerated torque ratio is desired, the brakemechanism Md may be actuated to lock the sun gear I38 against rotation, thereby inducing the pinion gears I36 to rotate around the sun gear I38 and transmit power at an increased torque ratio to the housing I and the driving member I00.

When a still higher torque ratio of the regenerated power is desired, the brake mechanism I50 may be actuated to lock the sun gear Hi8 against rotation, whereupon the pinions I06 of smaller diameter than the pinions I34 roll about the locked sun gear I08 and cause power to be transmitted by the pinions I to the carriers I30 of the housing I00. 0

It will be noted that when the brake mechanisms I00 and I50 are released, the pinions I30 and I46 become inoperative due to the free rotation of the sun gears I38 and I48 respectively, whereupon the turbine is released, and no power will then be regenerated.

, power-transmitting fluid circuit, one-way driving driven shaft coaxially aligned with the driving shaft and having a housing surrounding the planetary gearing, a fluid transmission comprising cooperating impeller and turbine members juxtapositioned' to provide a power-transmitting fluid circuit, driving means between the planetary gearing and the impeller, one-way driving means between the turbine and the planetary gearing whereby a portion of the applied power may be redirected to be exerted on the driving member, manually operable means to lock the impe er against rotation to render inoperative the fluid transmission and to transmit power through the planetary gearing at a changed speed ratio, a sun gear positioned to be engaged by the planetary gearing, and manually operable means I to lock the sun gear against rotation to change the speed ratio of power transmission through When overdrive speed is desired in the transions I08 to the sun gear H2 and driven shaft H0 at an overdrive speed.

If still further overdrive speed is desired, the brake mechanism I16 may be actuated to lock the flange I72 and sleeve I10 against rotation, whereupon the flange I60. and ring gear I60 are held stationary. The piniongears H0 being of smaller diameter than the pinion gears I08 roll within the ring gear I66 and transmit power to the sun gear II2 and driven shaft H4 at a still higher overdrive speed.

Irclaim: g

1. In a transmission device, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, planetary gearing interposed between thedriving and driven shafts, regenerative fluid power transmitting means driven by the planetary gearing, an auxiliary mechanical drive between the driving and driven shafts, and means to render inoperative the fluid power transmitting means and to render operative said aux-'- iliary mechanical drive to provide two parallel paths of power flow between the driving and driven shafts after the fluid power transmitting means has been rendered inoperative.

2. A transmission comprising driving and driven shafts, planetary gearing interposed between the driving and driven shafts, a fluid transmission comprising an impeller driven by the planetary gearing, a turbine aligned with the impeller and cooperating therewith to provide a the planetary gearing.

4. In a fluid and mechanical gear transmission, a driving shaft, planetary gearing operably connected to the driving shaft, impeller and turbine members cooperating to provide a powertransmitting fluid circuit, connecting means between the planetary gearing and impeller, oneway driving means between the turbine and the planetary gearing, a driven shaft, a housing enclosing the planetary gearing and fluid transmission, spaced power take-off means carried by the housing, and mechanical gear means associated with the planetary gearing and impeller driving means, to transmit power from the driving member to the driven member.

5. In a transmission, a driving shaft, a driven shaft aligned with the driving shaft, planetary gearing interposed between the driving and driven shafts, cooperating impeller and turbine members mounted on the driving shaft and cooperating to provide a power-transmitting fluid at a different speed ratio, and one-way driving means between the turbine and the planetary gearing.

6. In a transmission, driving and driven shafts, planetary gearing between the driving and driven shafts, regenerative fluid power-transmitting means driven by the planetary gearing, torque multiplying means associated with the regenerative fluid power transmitting means to redirect multiplied torque to the driving shaft, and means to render said torque multiplying means inoper- 1 ative. 7. A transmission comprising .a driving shaft,-

planetary gearing operably connected to the driving shaft, a driven shaft aligned with the driving shaft, connecting means between the planetary gearing and the driven shaft, a fluid transmission comprising impeller and turbine members cooperating to provide a power-transmitting etary gearing and the impeller, and torque multiplying power-transmitting means between the turbine and the driving shaft whereby multiplied torque may be regenerated and exerted on the driving shaft.

8. A transmission comprising a driving shaft, a driven shaft aligned with the driving shaft, planetary gearing interposed between the driving and driven shafts, an impeller driven by the planetary gearing, a turbine aligned with the impeller and cooperating therewith to provide a power-transmitting fluid circuit, speed-increasing means between the turbine and the driving a shaft whereby multiplied torque may be regenerated to the driving member.

9. A transmission comprising driving and driven members, planet pinions operably connected to the driving member, a sun gear operably connected to the driven member and positioned to be engaged by the planet pinions, a

fluid transmission including impeller and turbine members cooperating to provide a powertransmitting fluid circuit, a ring gear positioned to be engaged by the planet pinions, connecting means between the ring gear and the impeller, torque multiplying mechanical gear means between the turbine and the driving member, and manually operable means to lock the impeller and ring gear against rotation to render inope ative the fluid transmission and to transmit power to the driven shaft at the different speed ratio.

10. In a transmission a driving shaft having a radially-extended member, a driven shaft having a sunlgear, planetary gearing including pinions operably connected to said radially-extended member to engage the sun gear, a ring gear engaging the pinions, an impeller carried by the ring gear, a, turbine aligned with the impeller and cooperating therewith to provide apowentransmitting fluid circuit, and speed-varying mechanical gear means between the turbine and the driving member whereby multiplied torque may be regenerated to.the driving member.

11. A transmission comprising driving and driven members, planet pinions operably connected to the driving member, a sun gear operably connected to the driven member and positioned to be engaged by the planet pinions, a fluid transmission including impeller and turbine members cooperating to provide a power-transmitting fluid circuit, a ring gear positioned to be engaged by the planet pinions, connecting means between the ring gear and the impeller, and torque multiplying mechanical gear means between the turbine and the driving member.

JOSEPH JANDASEK. 

